NANOSNET

 View Only
  • 1.  Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-30-2025 19:38

    I had the opportunity of initially evaluating this 23-year-old male individual on July 21, 2025. He reports an unusual story. He says, "I woke up 2 weeks ago with tilted images" described as seeing lines of print/iPhone lines as tilted down on the right. No double vision, no unsteadiness, no dizziness.

     

    He claims, "The tilt is most dramatic when I'm reading." In the office, he has the same "tilt" with either eye alone or with both open.

     

    My first thought was is this possibly a 4th nerve (superior oblique muscle) palsy – but, he exhibits within normal limits ocular motility measurements of 3-5PD (prism diopters) esophoria with 0.50PD left hyperphoria and no cyclophoria.

     

    That fairly well rules out 4th nerve palsy – they generally present with exophoria and 2 or more degrees of excyclophoria.

     

    So, the patient, who is a very nice young man and a mechanical engineer, from a prestigious school, is preparing to go to Europe for a year. He volunteers the question/possibility that his symptoms are "psychological." I ask him if he is nervous and his response is, "Yes, a little."

     

    I'm perfectly happy to just say it's nothing, go to Germany, and if you have a problem, here is the name of somebody in Berlin. Hopefully, someone, who has labored through this tale so far, will volunteer the name of a German colleague




    Edward M. Cohn, MD, mba, mph
    3535 W. 13 Mile (506)
    Royal Oak, MI  48073
    Ph: 248-551-8282
    Fax: 248-551-9085



  • 2.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-30-2025 20:33
    Skew?

    Dr Shikha Bassi
    Sankara Nethralaya
    Chennai
    India




  • 3.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-30-2025 21:01

    This sounds like ocular tilt reaction. Did you check vertical alignment in head tilt? In a young person with no other cerebellar or brainstem symptoms, the most likely cause would be multiple sclerosis and the patient should have an MRI.

    Best, 

    Drew



    ------------------------------
    Andrew Carey
    Associate Professor
    Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine
    Baltimore MD
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-31-2025 12:47
    I agree. Need to rule out a posterior fossa lesion. 

    Best,
    Bart



    Bart K. Chwalisz, M.D.

    Neuro-ophthalmology, Headache Unit, and  Skull Base Neurology Clinic. Division of Neuroimmunology, Massachusetts General Hospital

    Skull Base Clinic: https://www.massgeneral.org/neurology/services/treatmentprograms.aspx?id=2070

    Neuro-ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary

     






  • 5.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-31-2025 12:56
    Certainly, a medullary lesion would be most common but we have seen this symptom in patients with parietal lesions (visual allesthesia).

    N





  • 6.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-31-2025 15:28
    Hi ,interesting 
    Transitional VOR tilt roll reflexes?
    Ent?
    Irene vanek
    Sent from my iPhone





  • 7.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 08-01-2025 09:33
    Thank you all for your kind replies. I spoke to my buddy the Neuro otologist and he believes it's an inner ear utricular issue.

    Below is the response, from Germany from the patient, regarding questions brought up.


    Tilting my head seems to have little to no effect on the image. I do not notice a correction or worsening when I do so. To your point about reading, yes, my head tends to be tilted down. When I read or look with my head straight up, the tilt also does not necessarily worsen or improve. The tilt tends to be mild (about a 5-degree slant most times) but occasionally worsens and sometimes (albeit rarely) subtly tilts up and to the right instead of the usual down and to the right. I have not been able to notice a pattern for what triggers the worsening or change in direction. I will note that the change in direction is never as strong as the usual down and to the right slant.


    Edward M. Cohn, MD, mba, mph
    3535 W 13 Mile (506)
    Royal Oak, MI 48073
    Ph: 248-551-8282
    http://www.umich.edu/~edcohnmd

    Sent from my iPhone





  • 8.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-30-2025 21:26
    Is it not a form of visual allesthesia? 



    Sent via the Samsung Galaxy S21 5G, an AT&T 5G smartphone






  • 9.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 07-31-2025 15:08
      |   view attached

    5-word summary: Otolithic dysfunction r/o labyrinthitis!

    Since it seems to be head position-dependent in the pitch plane perhaps (given symptoms exacerbation with reading, etc.), I would also be concerned with a structural or functional utricular pathway (inner ear to midbrain +/- cerebellum) dysfunction causing head position-induced changes in the subjective visual vertical. How was torsion measured, with fundus photography? Theoretically, a cortical lesion in the vestibular cortex (parietal lobe) if appropriately placed (e.g., venous anomalies) could create perceptual tone imbalances vis-a-vis the subjective visual vertical; the head dependence would be atypical but I imagine it is possible.  Obviously this could be a vestibular migraine (start migravent)...an important question to ask is whether or not the tilt is sustained or episodic, for the former, I would think for STRUCTURAL utricular localization (?MRI brain skull base w/wo or IAC protocol), or quantitative vestibular testing if available (e.g. vHIT, vOCR, vVEMPS, etc.) to mainly evaluate for signs of peripheral dysfunction. Is there a head tilt? If everything is normal I would follow ?yearly with quantitative cerebellar assessments (VOG, etc.) to evaluate for an evolving cerebellar dysfunction -- his demographics and the tempo of HIS symptoms makes a mitochondrial cytopathy a real possibility (assuming the aforementioned things are normal).

    Some additional far-fetched ideas (yet plausible): the first hit of one of the novel autoimmune cerebellar antibody-mediated degeneration (e.g. anti-septin-5 that could cause an MRI negative progressive cerebellar degeneration) OR an early labyrinthine inflammation from a paraneoplastic anti-Kelch-11 antibody disease  (most common tumor is usually a testicular seminoma) 

    comment: An inferior division vestibular nerve dysfunction (posterior canal pathway) or damage to the central projection of these pathways along the MLF, etc would lead to head-position induced torsional nystagmus (assuming symptoms are only present with forward head pitching). 

    -------------------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: Tilted Image - what am I missing

    Posted 08-01-2025 09:43
    PS: I forgot to include the last part of his email to me:

    I will begin the next steps on my end, scheduling an MRI here. Is it a possible that I can send said the MRI to you, or should I consult with a general or some form of specialized doctor here?

    (MRI brain with & without contrast and IAC, internal auditory canal protocol)

    PPS: the Oto-Neurologist thinks it's probably just flakes breaking off in the semi circular canals and that this may resolve with time. If it doesn't resolve, we can pursue further evaluation/management.



    Edward M. Cohn, MD, mba, mph
    3535 W 13 Mile (506)
    Royal Oak, MI 48073
    Ph: 248-551-8282
    http://www.umich.edu/~edcohnmd

    Sent from my iPhone